下列不属于道路面层结构中的常用材料的是()
下列不属于道路工程中的常用结合料的是()
岩石的强度、水泥的密度、石灰的cao含量分别属于材料的()性质。
我国的建筑材料标准分为()
沥青混合料具有较高的()
水泥砂浆主要由()组成
道路工程材料的基本技术性能包括()
道路路面结构是一个多层体系,从上而下分别为基层、面层、垫层。
道路的基层直接承受行车荷载作用,并受到自然环境中温度和湿度变化的直接影响。
材料的矿物组成或化学成分及其组成结构决定了材料的基本特性。
岩石的耐久性主要是评价石料抵抗荷载的能力大小以及抗疲劳性能
岩石的含水率可以间接反映岩石中孔隙的多少以及岩石的致密程度
区分天然砂粗细程度的标准是2.36mm标准筛孔的通过百分率
下列不属于集料级配表征参数的指标是()
下列指标中,用来表征粗集料在逐渐增加的荷载下抵抗压碎能力的指标是()
集料的表干相对密度在计算时采用的计算体积是()
下列指标能够反映岩石吸入水分能力的指标是()
岩石的体积组成包括以下哪几个部分()
下列密度参数属于集料的堆积密度的有()
矿质混合料级配设计方法可以分为哪几类()
改性沥青的延度测量温度与普通道路石油沥青的延度测量温度一致
沥青的黏滞性与黏附性的含义相同
按现行常规工艺,作为生产道路石油沥青原料的原油基的选择,最好选环烷基原油。
在pg分级中的蠕变劲度模量s越大,则说明沥青的低温变形能力()
原油经过常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏工艺,将不同()的馏分分离出来后,得到的残渣即为直馏沥青。
135℃表观黏度用于表征沥青的()
沥青四组分中,由直链或支链脂肪属烃以及烷基环烃组成,它们是非极性稠状油类,呈稻草色或白色,这个组分是()
依据我国道路石油沥青技术规范,采用()指标表征沥青高温稳定性
根据胶体粒子大小、数量及其在连续相中的分散状态,沥青的胶体结构可分为()
乳化沥青主要由沥青()组成。
ogfc沥青混合料采用半开级配设计得到,因此具有较大的空隙率。
矿质混合料的有效相对密度可以根据集料的吸水试验实测得到。
用于高等级道路沥青路面的沥青混合料,在配合比设计的基础上,需要进行路用性能检验。
a-13沥青混合料指的是矿料公称最大粒径为()
已知某混合料设计结果中,沥青含量为4.8%,如果采用油石比表示应该为()
沥青混合料动稳定度指标的大小表示()
下列沥青混合料指标中,有可能会随着沥青用量的增加出现峰值的()
按照级配类型不同,可以将沥青混合料分为()
下列试验方法中,能够评价沥青混合料低温抗裂性的有()
沥青混合料配合比设计的完整过程包括()
为节约水泥,在砼配合比设计时,采用的水泥强度等级越高越好。
水泥是水硬性胶凝材料,所以在运输和贮存中不怕受潮
同组成成分的水泥,颗粒越细,比表面积越大,水化愈快,硬化后强度也愈高
石灰的硬化作用包括()
关于硅酸盐水泥矿物组成对水泥特性的影响,下列说确的是()
工程中常用的六大品种水泥中包括()
我国现行国标规定:硅酸盐水泥初凝时间、终凝时间分别为()
测水泥标准稠度用水量的目的在于()
在水泥熟料中对水泥强度起主要作用的矿物成分是()
生石灰的主要成分为()
水泥混凝土的砂率是指砂用量占混凝土总质量的百分比
混凝土路面设计是以28天抗压强度作为设计指标的。
硅酸盐水泥是指由硅酸盐水泥熟料、5~15%石灰石或粒化高炉矿渣、适量石膏磨细制成的水硬性胶凝材料。
水泥混凝土分类时按照表观密度分,分为()
以下哪些因素会影响到水泥混凝土的收缩变形()
引气剂的对水泥混凝土的影响包括以下哪些方面()
测试砂浆立方体抗压强度时标准试件的尺寸为()
当水泥浆体积固定时,改善混凝土混合物工作性的主要措施是()
硅酸盐水泥中,加入石膏作为缓凝剂主要是控制()的水化反应速度。
水泥混凝土外加剂掺量一般不超过水泥质量的(),但它能按照某些要求改善混凝土性能
水泥土强度较高,可以做高等级路面的基层。
无机结合料稳定材料及时的保湿养生可以避免温度收缩
水泥粉煤灰稳定材料,与水泥稳定材料比,抗裂性能好;与二灰材料相比,早期强度较高
无机结合料稳定材料组成设计中,用的的无侧限抗压强度是()天龄期的
下列材料中,收缩系数最小的是()
下面有关水泥稳定材料收缩性的说法中,错误的是()
下面哪些过程属于石灰稳定材料的强度形成过程()
下面有关石灰稳定材料温度收缩特性的说法,正确的是()
下面关于无机结合料稳定材料用性能特点的说法,正确的是()
有关水泥粉煤灰稳定材料强度形成机理的说法,正确的是()
business environment may be defined as a set of conditions – social, legal, economical, political or institutional that is absolutely controllable in nature and affects the functioning of organization.
an organization’s internal environment is composed of the elements within the organization, including current employees, management, and especially corporate culture.
external factors can also affect a company’s business environment and the business has more control over these factors.
the elements that make up the internal environment include organizational mission statement, company policy, formal structure, organizational culture, organizational climates, resources, managerial philosophies, and managerial leadership styles.
the process by which organizations monitor their environments and identify the opportunities and threats affecting their business is known as environmental watching.
the only form of entrepreneurship is starting new businesses.
successful entrepreneurship depends on many factors. of primary importance is money.
even today, there is no widely accepted definition of entrepreneur and entrepreneurship.
in general, entrepreneurs should search for ways to delegate some of their leadership tasks rather than their management tasks.
management of an entrepreneurial organization requires policies that encourage innovation and rewards those who innovate.
business opportunities are not equally obvious to everyone, but they are equally available to anyone with the experiences and the knowledge of discovering them.
once a would-be entrepreneur has identified what he or she thinks is a promising unmet need, he or she should evaluate and identify the risks that should be considered in deciding whether or not to pursue that business opportunity.
you don't need to understand the attractiveness of the industry you're going to enter because you will know it later on.
in addition to conducting market ysis and competitive ysis, and also looking at the industry and government, there are some other risks that entrepreneurs should take into account.
very often, entrepreneurs -- particularly art entrepreneurs -- are overwhelmed by the technological aspect, and they pay too little attention to what the customers want.
business is all about tricks, win-lose deals, and dishonesty.
a new and all company should not compete with the big companies on the issue of price.
a partnership must consist of three or more iniduals who co-own the business.
before you register a business name and get your license, you'd better check with the local administration of industry and commerce to make sure the name you chose is not already taken.
once you have raised the money to start or expand your business, you don't need to have a business plan any longer.
organizational structures should be shaped and implemented for the primary purpose of making more money for the company.
employees within a functional department of an organization tend to perform a specialized set of tasks, for instance, the engineering department would be staffed only with engineers.
the virtual structure is a special form of boundaryless organization . a virtual organization does not physically exist, but enabled by software to exist.
there is one structure, set of systems, or method of staffing that is appropriate for all organizations.
the formal organization is the network of social interactions among its employees.the informal organizations can be seen and represented in chart form.
there are two broad categorizations of recruitment: internal recruitment and external recruitment.
recruitment at schools and universities is most appropriate when the vacant positions are high level like senior management positions.
employment agencies or executive recruiters are sometimes simply known as “head hunters” and their main job includes searching for the right candidate to fill a vacant position existing in a firm.
training should be limited to new employees only.
there are two primary training approaches which organizations may adopt in respect to new employee: on-the-job training and off-the-job training.
intrinsic motivation is based on taking pleasure in an activity rather than working towards an external reward. extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome.
money is the only factor that can be used in motivating employees.
at the very top of maslow's hierarchy of five needs is our human need for “safety”.
employees often find interaction and communication with and attention from senior and executive managers motivational.
recognition of employees' performance is high on the list of employee needs for motivation.
corporate culture is the collective behavior of people that are part of an organization, it is also formed by the organization values, visions, norms, working language, systems, and symbols, and it includes beliefs and habits.
the values of a corporate culture can only influence the top managers' behaviors.
a strong corporate culture exists where staff respond to stimulus because of their respect to organizational values.conversely, there is weak culture where there is little respect to organizational values and strict control must be exercised.
national culture is the values and attitudes shared by iniduals from a specific country. it has no influence on the corporate culture.
corporate culture may impact the level of employee creativity and the strength of employee motivation.
in economics production just means the manufacturing of physical goods with exchange value.it doesn't include the provision of services.
the basic factors of production in an economy include labor, capital, and natural resources.
products generally fall into two categories: consumer products and industrial products.
the first stage in the new product development process is idea generation. in this stage a company is basically involved in the systematic search for new product ideas within the company.
a product life cycle refers to the time period of producing a product from beginning to end.
marketing involves selling products and services, but that doesn’t mean marketing is limited to sales activities.
an organization’s marketing and selling activities should be carried out under a well-thought-out philosophy of efficiency, effectiveness, and socially responsibility, which is just the concept of marketing.
the marketing mix is the set of ideas that the firms have in doing its marketing.
the function of marketing is only about selling and buying of products or services.
market segmentation is the process of iding a broad consumer or business market into sub-groups of consumers.
financial management is the management of monetary resources. it involves planning accurately, directing the monetary resources at correct time and controlling the financial activities of a firm.
financial management should just focus on the tangible annual income and profit.
in general, financial management consists of four kinds of management: investment management, capital raising management,working capital management and profit distribution.
the only function of accounting and financial management system is to prevent financial risks.
internal controls can prevent or identify mistakes, making the financial system more accurate and reliable.
financing is the commercial activity of providing funds for business activities, making purchases or investing.
equity financing deals with borrowing money and repaying it with interest.
the debt financing can be a secured loan which requires guarantees by your property, or an unsecured loan which only requires your reputation.
venture capital is one of the popular forms of debt financing used to finance high-risk, high-return businesses.
debt and equity financing provide different opportunities for raising funds, and a commercially acceptable ratio between debt and equity financing should be maintained.
as the economy develops and businesen have been exerting ever-growing influence, more and more people demand businesses to behave more ethically and become more responsible toward the society.
the objective of corporate social responsibility is to encourage actions that promote activities that have a positive impact on employees, stakeholders, clients and the environment.
social responsibility is very important to the short-term business success.
for a business to be socially responsible it means that the business is conscious of the environment in which it operates.
a company can shoulder its social responsibility in different ways, such as giving fair wages to workers, sponsoring sporting events, or helping the public solve common problems.
the international business is developing rapidly under the background of globalization.
the globalization of markets is about the expension of the world market in size.
although firms marketing abroad face many of the same challenges as firms marketing domestically, international environments present added uncertainties which must be accurately interpreted.
learning foreign languages is considered as the biggest challenge to growth in international markets.
compared to joint ventures and direct investment, exporting consists of the least risk for a company which wants to enter the international market.
electronic business is commonly referred to as e-business, or an internet business. it may be defined as the application of information and communication technologies (ict) in support of all the activities of business.
e-business is nothing but buying and selling of goods on the web.e-commerce is a little different as it is not limited to commercial transactions, but it also provides other services.
click-and-click retailers are those e-business companies that sell products only via the website.
brick-and-click retailers are those companies that sell products both via a web site and via a physical store.
a website following b2b business model sells its product directly to a customer.
as the technology gets more advanced, less expensive and more available, it has become even cheaper to start a business on line.
the success of an e-business depends largely on the success of the delivery channel partner.
even today the security problem is still one of the biggest concerns for both buyers and sellers in online shopping.
the type of website an e-business company builds only depends on its budget.
eventually, every business has to adopt e-business practices in order to ensure survival and success, be it partially or completely.
下面对于指针的描述不正确的是:
在int a=3,int *p=&a;中,*p的值是:
已知int a, *pa=&a;输出指针pa十进制的地址值的方法是:
变量的指针,其含义是指该变量的:
已有定义int k=2;int *ptr1,*ptr2;且ptr1和ptr2均已指向变量k,下面不能正确执行的赋值是:
若有int *p,a=4;和p=&a;下面那个选项均代表地址?
若变量已正确定义并且指针p已经指向变量x,则*&x相当于:
若定义了int m,n=0,*p1=&m;则下列哪个表达式与m=n等价。
假如指针p已经指向整型变量x,则(*p) 相当于:
对于基类型相同的两个指针变量之间,不合理的运算是:
下列关于数组的描述正确是:
在c 语言中引用数组元素时,下面关于数组下标数据类型的说法错误的是:
要定义数组a,使得其中每个元素的数据分别依次为:3、9、4、8、0、0、0,错误的定义语句是:
有如下数组声明:int value[30];,下标值引用错误的是:
以下叙述中错误的是:
以下正确的二维数组定义是:
以下对二维数组a进行初始化正确的是:
若有定义:int a[3][4];则正确引用数组a元素的是:
若有定义:int a[][4]={0,0};以下叙述中错误的是:
下面选项中等价的是:
以下四种说法中,正确的一项是:
定义如下一维数组:int a[5],*p=a;则下面描述错误的是:
若有语句int a[10]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9},*p=a;则哪个不是对a数组元素的正确引用(其中0≤i<10)。
有如下程序段: int *p,a[6]={-1,0,1,2,3,4}; p=a 3; 执行该程序段后,*p的值为:
若有定义 char s[10];则在下面表达式中不表示s[1]的地址的是:
若要对a进行合法的自减运算,则之前应有下面哪个说明?
若有定义int x[10]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9},*p1;则数值不为3的表达式是:
若有定义int x[6]={2,4,6,8,5,7},*p=x,i;要求依次输出x数组6个元素中的值,不能完成此操作的语句是:
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include
using namespace std; void sum(int *a) { a[0]=a[1];} int main() { int aa[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10},i; for(i=2;i>=0;i--) sum(&aa[i]); cout<
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; int main() { int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}, *p=&a[3], *q=p 2; cout<<*p *q; return 0; }
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; void fun(char *c,char d) { *c=*c 1; d=d 1; cout<<*c<<","<
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; void ss(char *s,char t) { while(*s) { if(*s==t) *s=t-'a' 'a'; s ; } } int main() { char str1[100]="abcddfefdbd",c='d'; ss(str1,c); cout<
以下函数的功能是: fun(char *a,char *b) { while((*a!='\0')&&(*b!='\0')&&(*a==*b)) { a ;b ;} return(*a-*b); }
若有定义char *st="how are you";下列程序段中正确的是:
以下与库函数strcpy(char *p1,char *p2)功能不相等的程序段是:
函数char* fun(char *p){ return p; }的返回值是:
若有定义int *f();中,标识符f代表的是:
若有定义int(*p)();标识符p可以:
若有函数max(a,b),为了让函数指针变量p指向函数max,正确的赋值方法是:
若有以下说明和定义: int fun(int *c) {……} int main() { int (*a)(int *)=fun,*b,w[10],c; …… } 在必要的赋值之后,对fun函数的正确调用语句是:
设有结构体说明 struct ex { int x; float y; char z;} example;以下叙述中错误的是:
以下哪个定义不会分配实际的存储空间?
在说明一个结构体变量时,系统分配给它的存储空间是:
已知学生记录描述为: struct student { int no ; char name[20]; char sex; struct { int year; int month ; int day ; } birth; } s; 设结构变量s中的“birth”应是“1985年10月1日”,则下面正确的赋值是:
设有定义struct ru{long x;float y;} time,*timep=&time;则对time中成员x的正确引用是:
有以下说明和定义: union dt { int a;char b;double c; } data; 以下叙述中错误的是:
若有定义union data {char ch;int x;} a;下列语句中哪个是不正确的?
若有定义enum color {red,yellow=2,blue,white,black} r=white;执行cout<
下面对typedef的叙述中错误的是:
若有定义typedef struct {int n;char ch[8];} per;以下叙述中正确的是:
链表不具有的特点是:
链表结点所占存储空间:
有以下结构体说明和变量的定义,且指针p指向变量a,指针q指向变量b,则不能把结点b连接到结点a之后的语句是: struct node { char data; struct node *next; } a,b,*p=&a,*q=&b;
在单向链表中,存储每个结点需有两个域,一个是数据域,另一个是指针域,它指向该结点的:
对于一个头指针为head的带头结点的单向链表,判定该表为空表的条件是:
有以下结构体说明和变量定义,如图所示: struct node { int data; struct node *next; } *p, *q, *r; 现要将q所指结点从链表中删除,同时要保持链表的连续,以下不能完成指定操作的语句是:
有以下定义: struct link { int data; struct link *next; } a,b,c,*p,*q; 且变量a和b之间已有如下图所示的链表结构: 指针p指向变量a,q指向变量c。则能够把c插入到a和b 之间并形成新的链表的语句组是:
有关双向链表的说确的是:
链表是一种采用( )存储结构存储的线性表。
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include #include using namespace std; struct node { int num; struct node *next; }; int main() { struct node *p,*q,*r; p=new node; q=new node; r=new node; p->num=10; q->num=20; r->num=30; p->next=q;q->next=r; cout<num q->next->num<
以下叙述中错误的是:
设#define p(x) x/x执行语句cout <
在任何情况下计算平方都不会引起二义性的宏定义是:
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; #define a 3 #define b 2*a #define c b a int main() { int a=b; cout<
若有宏定义: #define n 3 #define y(n) ((n 1)*n) 则表达式2*(n y(5 1))的值是:
已知宏定义#define p(x,y,z) x=y*z;则宏替换p(a,x 5,y-3.1)应为:
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; #define ma(x) x*x-1 int main() { int a=1,b=2; cout<
下面程序执行后的输出结果是: #include using namespace std; #define r 0.5 #define area(x) r*x*x int main() { int a=1, b=2; cout<
在“文件包含”预处理命令形式中,当#include后面的文件名用" "(双引号)括起时,寻找被包含文件的方式是:
在“文件包含”预处理命令形式中,当#include后面的文件名用< >(尖括号)括起时,寻找被包含文件的方式是:
下面关于类中概念的描述中错误的是:
下列关于c 语言类的描述中错误的是:
在面向对象设计中,对象有很多基本特点,其中“一个系统中通常包含很多类,这些类之间呈树形结构”这一性质指的是对象的:
什么是成员:
作用域运算符的功能是:
假定aa为一个类,a()为该类公有的函数成员,x为该类的一个对象,则访问x对象中函数成员a()的格式为:
为了使类中的某个成员不能被类的对象通过成员操作符访问,则不能把该成员的访问权限定义为:
在用关键字class定义的类中,以下叙述正确的是:
下列关于成员函数特征的描述中,错误的是:
下列有关类的说法不正确的是:
类的构造函数被自动调用执行的情况是在定义该类的:
设类a将其它类对象作为成员,则建立a类对象时,下列描述正确的是:
假定一个类的构造函数为“a(int aa=1, int bb=0) {a=aa; b=bb;}”, 则执行“a x (4);”语句后,x.a和x.b的值分别为:
下列是构造函数的特点,是错误的是:
构造函数不具备的特征的是:
有以下的类定义:class myclass { public: myclass(){cout<<'1';} }; 则执行语句myclass a,b[2],*p[2];后,程序的输出结果是( )。
已知p是一个指向类sample数据成员m的指针,s是类sample的一个对象。如果要给m赋值为5,哪个是正确的?
假定aa是一个类,“aa* abc()const;”是该类中一个成员函数的原型,若该函数返回this值,当用x.abc()调用该成员函数后,x的值:
下列关于this指针的叙述中,正确的是:
this指针存在的目的是:
定aa是一个类,“aa* abc()const;”是该类中一个成员函数的原型,若该函数返回this值,当用x.abc()调用该成员函数后,x的值:
对于常数据成员,下面描述正确的是:
下列不能作为类的成员的是:
我国的企业会计准则体系包括基本准则、具体准则、应用指南和解释公告等。2006年2月15日,财政部发布了( )
( )是企业内部主要的会计信息使用者。
下列关于谨慎性原则运用正确的是( )。
企业会计的确认、计量和报告应当以( )为基础。
我国实行公历制会计年度是基于(c)的会计基本假设。
下列关于会计的表述中,正确的有( )
资金退出是资金运动的终点,下列属于资金退出的业务有( )。
企业的债权人包括( )
下列各项活动中,属于企业资金退出的有( )
下列项目中,可以作为一个会计主体进行核算的有( )
原始凭证中( )出现错误的,不得更正,只能由原始凭证开具单位重新开具。
( )一般由税务局等部门统一印制,或经税务部门批准由经营单位印制。
下列各项中,不属于原始凭证的基本内容的是( )。
会计凭证的传递,是指( )在单位内部有关部门和人员之间的传递程序。
下列各项中,不属于记账凭证审核内容的是( )。
原始凭证,如发票、支票,都有连续编号,应按编号连续使用.这类凭证如有填写错误,应予以作废并重填,填错的凭证不需与存根一起保存,允许销毁。
累计凭证是指一定时期内连续记录若干项经济业务的自制原始凭证,如限额领料单。
以下关于填制原始凭证的基本要求表述正确的有( )
票据的出票日期书写正确的有( )
累计凭证是指在一定时期内多次记录发生的同类型经济业务的原始凭证。
下列项目中,属于流动资产项目的是( )
下列关于所有者权益的说法,不正确的是( )
下列项目中,属于负债的是( )
收入、费用和利润三要素是企业资金运动的( )
下列各项中,不属于收入的是( )
分配生产车间直接参加产品生产工人的职工薪酬时,应借记的账户是( )。
某企业生产产品领用的原材料剩余800元退回仓库,正确反映此事项的分录是( )。
应在“应付职工薪酬”账户贷方登记的是( )。
下列账户中,用于计算商品、产品制造成本的是( )。
下列不通过制造费用核算的是( )。
下列各种方法中,( )适用于记账后发现账簿错误是由于记账凭证中会计科目运用错误引起的情况。
收回货款1 500元存入银行,填制记账凭证时,会计科目无误,金额误填为15 000元,并已入账。正确的更正方法是( )。
更正错账时,划线更正法的适用范围是( )。
( )就是核对账目,是指对账簿记录所进行的核对工作。
银行存款日记账与银行对账单之间的核对属于( )。
下列表述,适合于科目汇总表账务处理程序的是( )。
下列各项中,( )能够通过科目汇总表反映。
下列项目中,属于科学、合理地选择适用于本单位的账务处理程序的意义有( )
各种账务处理程序的不同之处在于登记明细账的直接依据不同。
汇总记账凭证账务处理程序适用于各种类型的单位。
无法查明原因的现金盘盈应该记入( )科目。
某企业仓库本期期末盘亏原材料,原因已经查明,属于自然损耗,经批准后,会计人员应编制的会计分录为( )。
企业的存货由于计量、收发错误导致的盘亏,由企业承担的部分应作为( )处理。
盘亏的固定资产应该通过( )科目核算。
下列记录可以作为调整账面数字的原始凭证的是( )。
财产清查就是指对各种实物资产的清查。
银行存款余额调节表上调整后的余额是企业可以支用存款的最高数额。
对可能无法收回的应收款项提取坏账准备的做法,体现了会计信息质量要求中的可靠性要求。
在下列单位和部门中,企业进行财产清查可能涉及的有( )。
在下列单位和部门中,企业进行实物资产清查可能涉及的有( )。
下列各项中,( )反映企业在一定会计期间经营成果。
为了具体反映利润的形成情况,我国现行的利润表的结构一般采用( )报告结构。
某企业期末“应付账款”账户为贷方余额26万元,其所属明细账户的贷方余额合计为33万元,所属明细账户的借方余额合计为7万元;“预付账款”账户为借方余额15万元,其所属明细账户的借方余额合计为20万元,所属明细账户的贷方余额合计为5万元。则该企业资产负债表中“应付账款”和“预付账款”两个项目的期末数分别应为( )万元。
某公司“应收账款”总分类科目下设“a公司”和“b公司”两个明细科目。2013年12月末,“a公司”明细科目为借方余额500 000元,“b公司”明细科目为贷方余额100 000元,则资产负债表中“应收账款”项目为( )元。
资产负债表中“应收票据”项目,是根据( )填列。
财务报表编织和披露程序包括( )。
费用按照功能分为( )。
审计报告分为以下几种类型( )。
属于中期财产报表的是( )。
可以计入利润表“营业税金及附加”的项目有( )。
单选题(2分) 下列关于“文化”的说法,正确的是()。 a. “文”,本义指文物典籍。 b. “化”的本义为风气教化。 c. “文”与“化”连在一起使用,大概始于汉代。 d. 文化即自然的人化,是超越人的本能的,人类有意识地作用于自然界和社会的一切活动及其结果。
单选题(2分) 我国的区域文化中心大致呈现出( )发展趋势。 由南向北 由北向南 由西向东 由东向西