哥德巴赫是哪个的数学家？
第一次数学危机的结束以什么为标志?
希尔伯特的23个数学问题是在哪里首次被提出来的？
希尔伯特的23个数学问题是在哪一年提出来的?
古代数学体系大约形成于哪个时期?
《九章算术》约成书于哪个朝代?
《大明历》是下列哪位的著作?
下列哪个奖项是由瑞典银行增设的?
下列哪位科学家不是诺贝尔物理学奖获得者?
下列哪个领域没有设诺贝尔奖?
莱昂哈德 欧拉(1707-1783)是哪个的数学家?
下列哪对数是亲和数?
哪个数学学派首次提出用“结构”的观点统一数学的思想?
下列哪项不属于数学的横向划分的范畴?
被认为是“20世纪伟大的几何学家”的数学家是哪位？
能表示为2p-1(p为素数)的形式的数被称为
诺贝尔奖是以瑞典哪个化学家的部分遗产创立的?
第一部数学翻译的著作是
一个小于10的正整数乘以15加上10, 所得和乘以2, 再加另一个小于10的正整数, 和为205, 则这两 个整数分别是多少?
《数学：前沿与展望》一书是由谁组织数学家撰写的？
《大明历》是下列哪位的著作?
满足条件“ 除以3余数为1；除以4余数为2； 除以5余数为3； 除以6余数为4”的最小正整数是多少?
什么的提出导致了“第二次数学危机”？
下列哪位科学家是诺贝尔经济学奖获得者?
下列哪个领域没有设诺贝尔奖?
被认为是“20世纪伟大的几何学家”的数学家是哪位？
能表示为2p-1(p为素数)的形式的数被称为
360具有的正约数的个数是
阿基米德是哪个的数学家?
徐光启认为“举世无一人不当学”的数学著作是
高斯是哪个的数学家？
下列哪对数是亲和数?
莱昂哈德·欧拉(1707-1783)是哪个的数学家?
诺贝尔奖是以下列哪个化学家的部分遗产创立的?
迦罗瓦主要在以下哪个数学分支中做出了巨大的贡献？
流传至今最早的一部数学著作, 同时也是一部天文学著作的是
第一次数学危机的结束以什么为标志?
在第二届世界数学家大会上, 下列哪位数学家作了影响深远的题为《数学问题》的报告?
下列哪个选项不属于数学的横向划分的范畴?
一个小于10的正整数乘以10加上30, 所得和乘以2, 再加另一个小于10的正整数, 和为205, 则这两个整数分别是多少?
“数学是科学的女王”这句话是谁第一次提出来的？
下列哪个选项导致了“第三次数学危机”？
“数学是有用的, 数学是好玩的!”是我国哪位数学家的名言？
下列哪个奖项不是由瑞典皇家科学院评选的？
下列哪个选项属于数学的纵向划分的范畴?
when compile a c program, the comments will .
a file written by c language .
many programming languages borrow heavily form c language, including c , c# .
one of c’s advantages is efficiency. because c was intended for applications where assembly language had traditionally been used, it was crucial that c programs could run quickly and in limited amounts of memory.
c’s weaknesses arise from the same source as many of its strengths: c’s closeness to the machine.
which of the following is a legal c identifier？
which of the following is not keyword in c language？
which of the following is not a constant in c language?
which of the following is not a float constant in c language?
the three identifiers, weight, weight and weight, are not equal in c language.
in c language, which of the following operator requires its operands must be of type int?
of which operation the precedence is higher than others’?
the value of the expression 3.6-5/2 1.2 5%2 is ____.
suppose all variables in the following expressions have been declared and initialized, which of the following is not a legal expression in c language?
if an expression is the sum of four data of different types, including int, long, double and char, the expression’s type is ____.
the expressions i and i are exactly not the same as (i = 1).
if c is a variable of type char, which one of the following statements is illegal?
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%d%f%d”, &i, &x, &j); if the user enters: 10.8 9 3↙ what will be the values of i, x, and j after the call? (assume that i and j are int variables and x is a float variable. ↙ is used to represent enter key)
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%f%d%f”, &x, &i, &y); if the user enters: 12.3 45.6 789 what will be the values of x, i, and y after the call? (assume that x and y are float variables and i is an int variable. ↙ is used to represent enter key)
which one of the following is correct?
assuming the following statements: char c1='1',c2='2'; c1=getchar(); c2=getchar(); putchar(c1); putchar(c2); if input a└┘↙ when run the code, ↙ is used to represent enter key, └┘ is used to represent space, which one of the following statements is correct?
given the following declarations and scanf function call statements, to make the value of a1, a2, c1, c2 to be 10, 20, a and b respectively. which one of the following inputs is correct? ↙ is used to represent enter key and └┘ is used to represent space. （ d ） int a1,a2; char c1,c2; scanf("%d%d",&a1,&a2); scanf("%c%c",&c1,&c2);
assuming the statement scanf("a=%d,b=%d,c=%d",&a,&b,&c); to make the values of a, b, and c to be 1, 3, 2 respectively, which of the following input is correct? ↙ is used to represent enter key and └┘ is used to represent space.
if the variable x is of type double, which one of the following statements is right?
what is the output of the following code? └┘ is used to represent space. float x=-1023.012; printf("%8.3f,",x); printf(" % 10.3f",x);
what is the output of the following code? int x=13,y=5; printf("%d",x%=(y/=2));
if we declared int a=1234;, what is the result when executing the statement printf("-",a);?
what is the output of the following code? int a; char c=10; float f=100.0; double x; a=f/=c*=(x=6.5); printf("%d %d %3.1f %3.1f",a,c,f,x);
execute the following statements, if input 12345678↙，what is the output? int a , b ; scanf("-%*2d=",&a,&b); printf("%d",a b);
c compilers are required to check that the number of conversion specifications in a format string matches the number of output items.
if the format string is “%d\n”, scanf will skip white space, read an integer, and then skip to the next non-white-space character. so a format string like this can cause an interactive program to “hang” until the user enters a nonblank character.
after the execution of the following statements: int a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4, m=2, n=2, cond; cond = (m=a>b) && (n=c>d); , which one of the following value is equal to the value of n ?
suppose i is a variable of type int, and its value is 10, which of the following is the value of expression 30-i<=i<=9 ?
after the execution of the following statements: int a=0,b=0,m=0,n=0; (m=a==b)||(n=b==a);，the values of m and n are and respectively?
which of the following is equal to the expression !x ?
suppose int x=3,y=4,z=5; , which of the following is the value of the expression !(x y) z-1 && y z/2 ?
which of the following is not a legal expression in c language?
the expression in if(expression) can be .
when execute the following program: #include int main() { int x,y; scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); if (x>y) x=y;y=x; else x ;y ; printf("%d,%d",x,y); return 0; } which one of the following is correct?
in c language, the rule on embedded if statement is that else is always paired with .
if a=1, b=3, c=5, d=4，the value of x is when execute the following program. if (a
which one of the following is equal to the statement y=(x>0 ? 1: x<0 ? -1:0); .
which one is correct when execute the following code? int x=0,y=0,z=0; if (x=y z) printf("***"); else printf("###");
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int x=1,y=0,a=0,b=0; switch(x) { case 1: switch (y) { case 0 : a ; break ; case 1 : b ; break ; } case 2: a ; b ; break ; case 3: a ; b ; } printf("a=%d,b=%d",a,b); return 0; }
if int i=10; the value of i will be after executing the following code. switch (i) { case 9: i =1 ; case 10: i =1 ; case 11: i =1 ; default: i =1 ; }
given the declaration: float w; int a, b; , which one of the following is a legal switch statement?
if int i=1; the value of i will be after executing the following code. switch (i) { case '1': i =1 ; case '2': i =1 ; case '3': i =1 ; default : i =1 ; }
after the execution of the following statements: int i=5, j=4, k=6 ; float f; f = (i
after the execution of the following statements: int m1=5,m2=3; m1>m2 ? (m1=1):(m2=-1);, the values of m1 and m2 are respectively?
switch statements can be totally replaced by if statements at any time.
the expression in a case label of a switch statement must be constant expression.
the statement if and switch can be embedded.
the conditional expression and if statement can be totally replaced by each other.
duplicate case labels aren’t allowed in switch statement.
in switch statement, several case can execute the same program segment.
the controlling expression in switch statement can be an expression of any type.
the case branch in switch statement can be a compound statement or multiply statement sequence.
without break (or some other jump statement) at the end of a case, control will flow into the next case.
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int x=0,y=5,z=3; while(z-->0&& x<5) y=y-1; printf("%d, %d, %d",x,y,z); return 0; }
which one of the following contains an infinite loop?
the following code . x=-1; do{ x=x*x; }while (!x);
which one of the following statements is correct?
assume the following code: int n=0,p; do { scanf("%d",&p); n ; } while (p!=12345 && n<3);when , the loop will terminate.
given the following for statement: int i,k; for (i=0,k=-1; k=1 ; i ,k ) printf("***"); which one of the following conclusions is correct?
the loop times of the following for statement are . for (i=2; i==0;) printf("%d",i--);
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int i,sum; for(i=1;i<6;i ) sum =i; printf("%d",sum); return 0; }
assume s, a, b, c are declared as integers, and a, c have been assigned values (c>0), s=a; for(b=1; b<=c; b ) s=s 1;which one of the following is equal to the above code?
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int i=0,s=0; for (;;) { if(i==3||i==5) continue; if (i==6) break; i ; s =i; }; printf("%d",s); return 0; }
if the variables i and p have been declared and initialized correctly, which one of the following cannot calculate 5! ?
in the following programs, which one has the different output with the others’?
what is the output of the following program? #include int main() { int k=0,m=0,i,j; for (i=0; i<2; i ) { for (j=0; j<3; j ) k ; k-=j ; } m = i j ; printf("k=%d,m=%d",k,m); return 0; }
which one of the following is not correct?
assume the following program fragment: int k=2; while (k=0) { printf("%d",k) ; k-- ; }which one of the following is correct?
while in do statement can be omitted sometimes.
any of the 3 expressions in for loop can be omitted, and so is while and do statement’s controlling expression.
the most powerful iteration statement is for statement.
the loop body in the for statement will be executed at least once.
break can be used in switch statements and loops (while, do, and for), whereas continue is limited to loops.
which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following statements about macro substitute is wrong ?
assuming we have #define l(x) 2*3.14*x，thus l(x) is .
assuming we have #define p(x) x/x, what is the output after executing printf("%d",p(4 6)); ?
assuming the macro definition #define mod(x,y) x%y, what is the result of the following code? int z,a=15; float b=100; z=mod(b,a); printf("%d",z );
which one of the following macro for square calculation will not cause ambiguity in any case?
given a macro definition as follows: #define n 3 #define y(n) ((n 1)*n), which one of the following is the value of the expression 2*(n y(5 1))?
given a macro definition #define p(x,y,z) x=y*z; the substitution p(a,x 5,y-3.1) will be .
in the file including preprocessing directives, when the file name is enclosed by double quotes after #include, the file will be searched in .
in the file including preprocessing directives, when the file name is enclosed by angle bracket after #include, the file will be searched .
macro substitution does not have type problem, and its arguments are of no type either.
in c language standard library header files, many system function prototype are declared. therefore, as long as these functions are used in the program, these header files should be included, for checking the function calling by compiling system.
the header files included by #include must have the suffix .h.
when index the array element, which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following declarations can define a one dimensional array a correctly in c89?
assume a declaration int a[10]; , which one of the following can reference the element in a correctly?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
assume the declaration int a[3][4]; which one of the following can index the element in a correctly?
assume the declaration int a[3][4]=; which one of the following statements is correct?
if a 2-d array a has m columns, the formula to index the element a[i][j] is .
what is the output of the following code? int k,a[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; for (k=0;k<3;k ) printf("%d",a[k][2-k]);
which one of the following initialization is correct for the 2-d array a?
assume the declaration int b[]={1,2,[8]=3,4,5,[15]=1,6,7}; the length of array b is .
which one of the following statements about function is right?
which one of the following statements is right?
which one of the following function definitions is right?
if call a function int f(), which does not contain any return statement, which one of the following conclusions is right?
which one of the following determines the return type of a function in c language?
which one of the following statements about function return type is wrong?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
which one of the following is right?
given a function definition as follows: void f(char ch, float x ) { ...... } which one of the following function call statements is right?
assume a program defines a function as follows: double f(double a,double b) { return (a b); } but the definition is written after calling f. therefore, f should be declared before the calling. which one of the following prototypes is wrong?
which one of the following statements about function declaration is wrong?
if an array name is used for an actual parameter in a function calling, which one of the following will be delivered to the corresponding formal parameter?
given the following code in the main function, which one of the following is an incorrect declaration of the formal argument in function f? int a[3][4]; f(a);
read the following program: int fun1(double a) { return a*=a;} int fun2(double x,double y) { double a=0,b=0; a=fun1(x); b=fun1(y); return (int)(a b); } if w is a variable of type double, what is the value of w, after executing the statement w=fun2(1.1,2.0);?
both function definition and function call can be nested.
a function must have a return value, otherwise it cannot be defined as a function.
specifying that the return type is void indicates that the function doesn’t return a value.
the pointer of a variable indicates the of the variable.
given int k=2; int*ptr1,*ptr2; and both ptr1 and ptr2 point to the variable k, which one of the following assignments is not correct?
given int*p,m=5,n; which one of the following statements is right?
given int*p,a=4; and p=&a; in which one of the following, all items indicate addresses?
if a pointer p points to a variable x, which one of the following is equal to *&x ?
if the pointer p points to an integer variable x, which one of the following is equal to (*p) ?
for two pointer variables of the same base type, which one of the following operations cannot be done?
given the following function and the variable declaration int a=25; which one of the following is the result of the statement print_value(&a); ? void print_value(int *x) { printf("%d", *x); }
given char s[10]; which one of the following is not the address of s[1]?
given int a[5],*p=a; which one of the following is a correct reference to an element in array a ?
given int a[5],*p=a; which one of the following is a correct reference to the address of an element in array a ?
given int x[]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0},*p=x,k; and k is larger than or equal to 0 and less than 10, which one of the following is a wrong reference to the array element x[k]?
given int x[6]={2,4,6,8,5,7},*p=x,i; which one of the following code cannot output the 6 elements in array x in order?
given int a[2][3]; which one of the following is a correct reference to the address of the element in i-th row and j-th column of array a?
given int a=3,b,*p=&a；which one of the following statements doesn’t assign the value 3 to b?
given int a[4][5]; which one of the following references is incorrect?
given int a[2][3],(*p)[3]; p=a; which one of the following references to an element in the array a is correct?
given int (*p)[4]; which one of the following statements is right?
the return value of the function char* fun(char *p){ return p; } is .
assuming char x[]="12345",y[]={'1','2','3','4','5',''}; which one of the following statements is correct?
which one of the following initializations of the character array s is wrong?
which one of the following character arrays cannot be used as a string?
which is the output of the following code? char c[5]={'a','b','','c',''}; printf("%s",c);
given two arrays of character, a and b, which one of the following statements is correct?
which is the output of the following code? char a[7]="abcdef"; char b[4]="abc"; strcpy(a,b); printf("%c",a[5]);
which is the output of the following code? char c[]="\t\b\\\0will\n"; printf("%d",strlen(c));
which one of the following can be used to test whether the string a is greater than b?
the value of the expression strcmp("3.14","3.278") is .
given the following code： #include #include int main() { char p[]={'a','b','c'}, q[10]={'a','b','c'}; printf("%d %d", strlen(p), strlen(q)); return 0; } which one of the following statements is true?
which is the output of the following code? char w[][10]={"abcd","efgh","ijkl","mnop"} , k; for(k=1;k<3;k ) printf("%s",w[k]);
if the function fun is defined as: void fun(char ch[], float x) { …… }, which one of the following function call statements is correct for function fun?
which one of the following statements about character array is wrong?
which one of the following is correct?
which one of the following statement(s) is a correct for the string s?
given char s[]="china"; char *p ; p=s ; which one of the following is correct?
given char a[]="itiine", *p="itiine"; which one of the following is incorrect?
given char *cc[2]={"1234","5678"}; which one of the following is correct?
assume s1 and s2 are declared correctly, if we want to execute the statement s when string s1 is greater than s2, which one of the following statements is correct?
given char s1[]="string1",s2[8],*s3,*s4="string2"; which one of the following is incorrect for library function strcpy?
given a structure definition as follows: struct stu { int a; float b; } stutype; , which one of the following statements is wrong?
for which one of the following definitions, the compiler will not allocate memory locations.
which one of the following definitions of the structure variable td1 is wrong?
when declare a structure variable, the size of space allocated by system is .
given the declaration of a structure tag named student as follows: struct student { int no ; char name[20]; char sex; struct { int year; int month ; int day ; } birth; } s; if the member birth of the structure variable s is october 1, 2016. which one of the following assignments is right?
given the following code, which one of the following statements can output the letter m. struct person { char name[9]; int age; }; struct person class[10]={"johu",17,"paul",19,"mary",18,"adam",16};
which one of the following reference to a member of structure is not right? struct pupil { char name[20]; int age; int sex; } pup[5], *p=pup;
which one of the following reference is not right? struct s { int i1; struct s *i2,*i0; }; static struct s a[3]={2,&a[1],0,4,&a[2],&a[0],6,0,&a[1]}, *ptr=a;
given the following declaration: struct sk { int a; float b; } data; int *p; which one of the following assignments is right, to make p point to a in data?
given the declaration: struct{int a; char b;} q,*p=&q; which one of the following expression is wrong?
given the following code: struct st { int x; int *y; } *pt; int a[]={1,2},b[]={3,4}; struct st c[2]={10,a,20,b}; pt=c; which one of the following expressions has the value of 11?
which one of the following statements about union is right?
when declare a union variable, the size of space allocated by the compiler is .
given the following program: union { char a[10]; short b[4][5]; long c[5]; } u; the value of sizeof(u) is .
given the following program: union data { char ch; int x; } a; which one of the following is not right?
given the following declaration: enum color {red,yellow=2,blue,white,black} r=white; what is the output after executing the statement printf("%d",r); ?
given the following declaration: enum week {sun, mon, tue, wed, thu, fri, sat} day; which one of the following assignments is right?
which one of the following statements is wrong?
given the following statement: typedef struct {int n;char ch[8];} per; which one of the following statements is right?
which one of the following is correct about data file and c language?
the system standard input file is .
the system standard output file is .
which one of the following is a correct file name argument for the function fopen?
given char fname[]="infile.dat"; , which one of the following is a correct way to open the text file infile.dat for reading?
which one of the following is a correct way to create a file for both reading and writing using the function fopen ?
if errors occur while executing the function fopen, what is its return value?
if open an existing file using the argument "a ", which one of the following is correct?
in the file open modes, the string "rb" indicates .
when opening the text file "a:\\aa.dat" in the mode "w", if the file already exists, .
in c program, which one of the following can write an integer data into a file in binary form?
which one is the prototype of the function fputc that write a character to the disk files?
which one of the following operations can be done using the function fseek?
the function calling fseek(fp,-20l,seek_end) complete the operation .
which one of the following codes is nearly equal to fseek(fp,0l,seek_set)?
the function rewind can .
the function ftell(fp) can .
which of the following is a legal c identifier？
in c language, which of the following operator requires its operands must be of type int?
the following code . a=-1; do{ a=a*a; }while (!a);
suppose int x=3,y=4,z=5; , which of the following is the value of the expression !(x y) z-1 && y z/2 ?
suppose that we call scanf as follows: scanf(“%f%d%f”, &a, &c, &b); if the user enters: 12.3 45.6 321 what will be the values of a, c, and b after the call? (assume that a and b are double variables and c is an int variable.)
if c is a variable of type char, which one of the following statements is illegal?
what is the output of the following code? int a; char c=10; float f=100.0; double x; a=f/=c*=(x=6.5); printf("%d %d %3.1f %3.1f",a,c,f,x);
execute the following statements, if input 87654321↙，what is the output? int a , b ; scanf("-%*2d=",&a,&b); printf("%d",a b);
after the execution of the following statements: int a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4, t1=2, t2=2, k; k = (t1=a>b) && (t2=c>d); , which one of the following value is equal to the value of t2 ?
suppose int a=3,b=4,c=5; , which of the following is the value of the expression !(a b) c-1 && b c/2 ?
assume a declaration int t[10]; , which one of the following can reference the element in t correctly?
assume the declaration int b[]={1,2,[8]=3,4,5,[15]=1,6,7,9}; the length of array b is .
what is the output of the following code? int k,a[3][3]={3,2,3,3,5,6,7,3,9}; for (k=0;k<3;k ) printf("%d",a[k][2-k]);
given a structure definition as follows: struct mystr { int a; float b; } mytype; , which one of the following statements is wrong?
which is the output of the following code? char w[][10]={"abcd","efgh","ijkl","mnop"} , k; for(k=1;k<3;k ) printf("%s",w[k]);
the loop body in the for statement will be executed at least once.
without break (or some other jump statement) at the end of a case, control will flow into the next case.
in switch statement, several case can execute the same program segment.
the expression in a case label of a switch statement must be constant expression.
the three identifiers, wendy, wendy and wendy, are equal in c language.
please describe the functions of the arrays, such as when or why should we use arrays, what problems we can solve with arrays, etc.
according to your answer above, design a programming question about the arrays, and write the program with comments. so , you shoulde write: your question about the arrays your code (your program) with comments
please describe the functions of the pointers, such as when or why should we use pointers, what problems we can solve with pointers, etc.
用乙酸和异戊醇在浓硫酸催化加热的作用下合成乙酸异戊酯中，提高反应产率最好的办法是
回流加热中圆底烧瓶中加入沸石的作用是
在萃取纯化过程中，加入碳酸氢钠的作用是
在分液萃取过程中，加入氯化钠溶液的作用是
蒸馏是用来分离沸点不同的液态有机化合物，这些有机化合物的沸点应该至少相差
用乙酸和异戊醇在浓硫酸催化加热的作用下合成乙酸异戊酯中，提高反应产率最好的办法是
本实验的加热回流中，圆底烧瓶中的液体应该不超过
加热回流中圆底烧瓶中加入沸石的作用是
在萃取纯化过程中，加入碳酸氢钠的作用是
在分液萃取过程中，加入氯化钠溶液的作用是
蒸馏是用来分离沸点不同的液态有机化合物，这些有机化合物的沸点应该至少相差
本实验中加热回流的目的是
在干燥的过程中，干燥剂无水硫酸镁加多了会产生什么影响
风的两个基本特征？
风力发电机工作过程中，能量的转化顺序是（ ）
what can be seen as intention of speaker?
to become qualified interpreters, students have to be trained particularly on multitasking.
how can we get speaker’s intention better? a. use information as clue
how can we get speaker’s intention better? b. use speech as clue
in an argumentative speech, which kind of the following information carries the most value?
which of the following statement can better describe the typical chinese speech composition?
for information structuring, the interpreter separates the speech into different parts based on major ideas and differentiates the value of information of each part, making the speech structure hierarchical.
how to make a speech with cloudy structure clearer? a. resort to the speaker’s to predict where the speech goes
how to make a speech with cloudy structure clearer? b. intentionally make the between ideas explicit when drawing the mental structure map
which of the following statements about abbreviations and symbols in note-taking are not true?
what are the layout principles of note-taking in consecutive interpreting?
the advantages of using abbreviations and symbols in note-taking are:
which of the following statements about symbols in note-taking are true?
when we take note for long speech segments, indention, visible ision of ideas and highlight of (two words) can help us structure the information in a more hierarchical and logical form. (in video 8.3)
in interpreting, what skills can we use to remember more?
what makes an effective chunking?
instead of taking lots of notes, interpreters listen and process the information with full concentration, and at the same time remember the message.
to solve the “lack of clue failure”, interpreters can deliberately set retrieval for each chunk.
what are the distinctive features of notes in consecutive interpreting?
what can be noted down as retrieval cues in interpreting?
it is suggested that we take notes in a layout.
in interpreting, notes reflect our ysis and understanding of the speech. therefore, after thorough thinking, the key words we note down may better represent the ideas and activate our memory.
the “completeness of information” in interpreting notes means the full information structure of a given speech segment, including the topic and points of view of the speaker, the complete logic of narration or reasoning, and sufficient supporting details or illustration.
what should interpreters do when they miss out something during listening and note-taking?
how to make a speech with cloudy structure clearer?
the “completeness of information” in interpreting notes means the full information structure of a given speech segment, including _______.
which of the following statements about symbols in note-taking are true?
please select the techniques that can be used to reconstruct coherence in interpreting:
intention of the speaker can be more broadly defined as the communicative goal he/she wants to achieve, the message he wants to convey and the purpose of their verbal activities.
to solve the “lack of clue failure”, interpreters can deliberately set retrieval cue for each chunk.
an interpreter should always render the meaning, make his/her interpretation explicit and coherent for the audience, never start to reproduce without a clear understanding of the source text and never fabricate.
in interpreting, we can use _____ and visualization to help us remember more.
to rework grammatical structure in some sentences when necessary, interpreters can rearrange the constituents in the sentence, change ____, reorganize several choppy sentences into a long and effective one or vice versa.
会展重参与者之一，简称pco是指
1851年，英国在伦敦举办了“万国工业展览会”（the great exhibition of the lndustries of all nations）。这是世界上第一个真正具有国际规模的展览会。
1、pco是指（ ）。
2、至少不少于多少的外国外国与会者才能称作国际会议（ ）。 1851年，英国在伦敦举办了“万国工业展览会”（the great exhibition of the lndustries of all nations）。这是世界上第一个真正具有国际规模的展览会。
3、参加会议的人通常被统称为（ ）。
4、会展活动的价值并不完全凝结在具体实物上，而主要是对于会展质量的评价，也取决于参展者对服务质量的感受，这体现了会展的（ ）特点。
1851年，英国在伦敦举办了“万国工业展览会”（the great exhibition of the lndustries of all nations）。这是世界上第一个真正具有国际规模的展览会。
1. 从形式上分，展览有虚拟展览和传统展览两种。
(2分)2022年北京冬奥会属于（ ）。
(2分)活动作为公共政策和行业的重要手段和战略，主要体现在（ ）。
(2分)在我国，旅游与会展专业属于第几类学科？（ ）。
(2分)我们应该用二元对立的思维来审视会展与活动的价值，例如：日常与非日常、结构与非结构、惯常环境与非惯常环境等。
(2分)有计划的活动其目标与结果非常明确清楚，而无计划的活动的目标则是自发生成的。
(2分)居民、观众、残障人士等，属于活动主要利益相关者中的“被影响者”，没有太大的话语权，需要更多的人文关怀。
(2分)经典传统学科话语体系主要是指运用社会学和文化学领域相对成熟的话语体系阐释event的重要性及其意义。
文献阅读报告。有关展览的文献
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11、（ ）通常是组织内部成员之间以及不同组织之间最常用的沟通方式。
12、专业展中的促销日程中，什么时候召开新闻发布会（ ）。
13、会展产业总产值除转移价值外，还包括（ ）。
14、展览活动的主办机构可以是部门、公司以及（ ）。
15、会展选择低能耗的产品，节约用水，减少会战中的废弃物，这体现了会展的（ ）特征。
2、展览的手段包括（ ）。
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21．（ ）是会展的主角。
22．被誉为“行业发展风向标”的是（ ）。
23．会展在某个城市的成功举办带动其他相关产业、部门变化的功能是（ ）。
24．会展的发展使产业结构顺着（ ）占优势地位的方向发展。
25、节事活动的主题策划首先要求（ ）。
4、会展的乘数效应主要体现在（ ）。
(2分)展览会的核心主体是（ ）。
(2分)参会者经济拉动作用最大的是（ ）。
(2分)粤港澳大湾区中，展览会平均面积最大的城市为（ ）。
(2分)参展商的参展动机包括（ ）。
(2分)打造和培育品牌展览会的重要基础包括（ ）。
(2分)从目标对象来看，展览会被分为贸易型和消费型展览会。
(2分)领先企业在展览会市场战略知识扩散网络中占据重要位置。
(2分)德国展览业的发展领先全球。
(2分)当前我国展览业已形成由上海、广州、北京“一超两极”领先的竞争格局。
(2分)深圳、东莞和澳门在展览数量、展览面积和国际知名度上有待突破。
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26、将业务集中于整个奖励活动的旅游部门安排和销售上，而不提供奖励活动中需要付费的策划帮助，这类奖励旅游公司成为（ ）。
27．以下不属于按照会议涉及的内容不同分类的是（ ）。
28．下列说法不正确的是（ ）。
29．（ ）是会展活动中最普遍、最活跃并且最具有典型性的部分。
30．综合展览会又称（ ）。
5、会议中的经济收入主要来自（ ）。
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31．有关展览会特征，以下说法不正确的是（ ）。
32．展览会永恒的主题是（ ）。
33．目前世界上规模最大、影响力最广的综合展是（ ）。
34．（ ）是会展项目其他策划的前提。
35．会展所面临的政治环境属于（ ）。
6、展台分为两类（ ）。
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16、节事活动的主要特点不包括（ ）。
17、按照（ ）分类，可以把参展商分为独立参展商、联合参展商和团体参展商？
18、展览项目的可行性分析是项目管理的关键步骤，具体来说包括市场分析、最优方案选定和财务预算等，其主要内容是分析（ ）。
19、会展活动对（ ）的消费者来说，具有更大的吸引力。
20．会展最大的功能是（ ）。
3、以下按照会议的内容分类的有（ ）。
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(2分)以下哪个不属于深度/认真休闲的特质（ ）。
世界展览业的增长极为（ ）
已经形成区域集群产业及优势产业的城市，更合适的展会类型为（ ）
是聚集各国最高领导人围绕特定主题进行磋商的会议，往往同时有媒体曝光、严格的安保和设计好的议程。（ ）
在会议产业链条中，会议参与者网络的中心是（ ）
下面哪一个不是体育赛事的核心特点（ ）
以下哪一个不是体育场馆发展的趋势（ ）
体育赛事的运动员奖金包括（ ）
下列关于体育赛事特许经营的说法，错误的是（ ）
粉丝群体一般具有哪些特征（ ）
展览会的根本目的包括（ ）
以下哪些是重大event（ ）
mice产业包括（ ）
专业观众的参展动机包括（ ）
会议是一种（ ）活动，有一定的结果
目前我国国际会议目的地形成了三个梯格局，以下城市属于我国第一梯队的是（ ）
按主题分类，节庆活动包括___________。（ ）
以下通常属于节庆体验中的vip涉众的群体是_____________。（ ）
与赞助商签订长期合作协议对赛事组织者的好处在于（ ）
为何赞助商可以通过赞助赛事提高企业的声望？（ ）
下列关于网络体育媒体的说法中，哪些是正确的（ ）
下列哪些活动属于企业内部活动？（ ）
传统的媒体活动可以根据3c分类为（ ）
面向可持续活动管理的概念框架包含如下内容____________。（ ）
三重底线模型（triple bottom line）是指（ ）底线
文化内涵是文化活动的灵魂。
活动管理主要从管理学视角出发，解决理解并改善活动管理与策划的问题，体现活动策划与组织作为一个专业的体系性和专业性。
会展专业具有交叉性，其知识体系及其应用涉及多学科知识领域。
系列化大型活动能够推动城市营销的空间尺度影响在波动中呈下降趋势。
国际展览业协会（ufi）对申请加入的展览会的规模、国外参展商和国外观众的比例等都没有明确要求。
当前粤港澳大湾区展览业发展形成了香港、广州领跑，深圳、东莞和澳门持续发展，珠海、中山、佛山快速发展，惠州、江门、肇庆起步的发展格局。
影响会议参与者是否参会的因素只有会议选址因素、社交因素和会议因素
因为会议开展的基础在于将参会者聚集在同一空间中，所以会议目的地的交通可达性是其获得会议落户的基本条件。
会议筹办机构的信息沟通结构具有开放性和实时性。
的元宵节与西方的狂欢节具有相近的历史文化渊源。
在“我想体验滚石音乐会的”这样的表达中，“体验”一词主要表明了一个过程。
在选择节庆地点或场所的时候，重点考虑到地点或场所的历史吸引力、既有的影响力、距离主要客源市场的距离即可。
节庆既可以激活旧的集体记忆，也可以建构新的集体记忆。
仪式会促使一个群体记住能够强化他们身份的知识，重复这个仪式实际上也就是传承相关知识的过程。
节庆活动能够产生的三种认同包括个人认同、社会认同、地方认同。
大型体育赛事短期经济效益的不确定性与城市之间对体育赛事举办权的激烈争夺造成的高成本形成体育赛事经济影响的一个“悖论”
风险管理指如何在一个可能有风险的环境里把风险减至最低的管理过程。
演唱会参与者也是一群特殊的旅游者，近一半的参与者产生了跨城观演行为。
游戏化在会展与活动中的应用趋势包括社交媒体游戏化和活动现场游戏化。
在全球化背景下，多种文化的交融以及新科技的介入，使体育赛事的运行秩序和公平环境也受到了前所未有的挑战。
在前期会议筹备阶段的沟通和资源采购阶段，必须要借助于第三方会议中介，即通过专业会议策划人在供应方与需求方中间提供相应的服务，进行会议方案的策划、设计与提供。
无论在西方还是情境，精英阶层都是绿色活动概念扩散的重要主体。
展览会具有全球蜂鸣和全球管道功能，这使得没有参加展览会的企业均能获得展览会中的最新行业资讯。
会展中心（上海）是典型的会、展、住、娱和办公、商业、生活、交通等配套设施齐全的综合体（complex）。
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